In-Depth Guide to Growing and Caring for Bidens (Tickseed Sunflowers)

Bidens, also known as Tickseed Sunflowers, may not be a household name, but their vibrant blooms are unmistakable. These sun-loving plants not only add a pop of color to your garden but also attract pollinators with their nectar-rich flowers.

Here’s everything you need to know about growing and caring for Bidens, from cultivation to maintenance, and a few tips and tricks along the way.

Bidens Species Overview

Table of Contents

Bidens are short-lived perennials and annuals that belong to the Asteraceae family, with approximately 220 accepted species in the genus. These plants are known for their daisy-like petals that surround tiny yellow tubular disk florets, with a wide range of colors including red, orange, peach, pink, yellow, and white.

Native to various regions around the world, Bidens thrive in warm and tropical climates. In colder regions, they are typically grown as annuals, but in Zones 8 to 11, they can be cultivated as short-lived perennials.

The name “Bidens” comes from the Latin words bis, meaning two, and dens, meaning tooth, in reference to the fruiting head that resembles two sharp teeth.

Cultivation and History

Bidens species have a rich history, with many native species still growing in their original habitat, while others have naturalized in different regions.

Some common names for Bidens include Beggarticks, Black Jack, Burr Marigolds, and Tickseed Sunflowers, reflecting the plant’s diverse growth habits and appearance.

Species like B. ferulifolia and B. pilosa have naturalized in various parts of the world and are known for their resilience and colorful blooms.

In Hawaii, vulnerable endemic species like B. micrantha ctenophylla, or Kookoolau, are considered endangered due to land development and competition from invasive species.

Propagation

Propagating Bidens is relatively straightforward, with options for seed propagation and cuttings.

From Seed: Sow seeds in a warm, indoor area or wait until after the last frost to sow outdoors. Maintain moisture and provide adequate sunlight for germination.
From Cuttings: Select a healthy branch, remove flowers, and propagate in moist potting soil with a rooting hormone for quicker root development.
From Seedlings/Transplanting: Transplant nursery starts or seedlings into well-draining soil with compost, spacing them appropriately and watering regularly.

How to Grow

Bidens thrive in full sun or partial shade with rich soil and good drainage. Regular watering and monthly fertilization encourage profuse blooms. Bidens can be grown in containers, hanging baskets, or garden beds, offering versatility in garden design.

For increased blooms, provide extra water during hot weather and ensure sufficient sunlight for optimal growth.

Growing Tips

Plant in rich, well-draining soil.
Provide full sun or partial shade.
Water regularly and fertilize monthly for profuse blooms.

Maintenance

Bidens are low-maintenance plants that flower from spring to fall without the need for deadheading. Pinching plants back can promote fuller growth, while additional water during hot weather encourages more blooms. In late fall, gather and save seeds for next spring, and apply mulch for added protection over winter.

Species and Cultivars to Select

Consider varieties like B. ferulifolia and B. alba for their ornamental value and pollinator appeal.

B. Alba: Known for its wildflower appearance and aggressive reseeding.
Blazing Fire: A striking cultivar with dark red flowers and drought tolerance.
Gold Nuggets: A cheerful yellow variety adored by pollinators and suitable for borders and containers.

Managing Pests and Disease

Bidens are relatively resistant to pests and disease but may be affected by aphids, whiteflies, and fungal infections like Botrytis blight and Pythium root rot.

Prevent infestations by maintaining a biodiverse garden and encourage beneficial insects to control pests. Promptly remove any infected plant parts to prevent the spread of diseases.

Best Uses

Bidens are versatile plants that can be used in planters, hanging baskets, borders, and xeriscapes. They attract bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, making them ideal for pollinator gardens.

Quick Reference Growing Guide

Plant Type: Short-lived perennial or annual
Flower/Foliage Color: Red, orange, peach, pink, yellow, white/green
Hardiness: Zones 8-11
Maintenance: Low
Exposure: Full sun to part shade
Spacing: 1-3 feet
Height: 6 inches-5 feet
Water Needs: Low

Conclusion

Bidens, or Tickseed Sunflowers, are charming plants with colorful blooms that attract pollinators and add vibrancy to any garden. With proper cultivation, these low-maintenance plants can thrive in various conditions and provide seasonal beauty from spring to fall.

Whether you choose native species or ornamental cultivars, Bidens offer a range of planting options for your garden. Embrace the bountiful blooming potential of Bidens and create a vibrant, pollinator-friendly landscape that will be buzzing with life all season long.